The two-stage preference design (TSPD) enables inference for treatment efficacy while allowing for incorporation of patient preference to treatment. It can provide unbiased estimates for selection and preference effects, where a selection effect …
Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are studies where treatment is randomized at the cluster level but outcomes are typically collected at the individual level. When CRTs are employed in pragmatic settings, baseline population characteristics may …
We present a methodology motivated by a controlled trial designed to validate SPOT GRADE, a novel surgical bleeding severity scale. Briefly, the study was designed to quantify inter‐ and intra‐surgeon agreement for characterizing the severity of …